随着船舶数量以及船舶吨位的不断增长，越来越多的船舶舱底含油废水排放对环境造成了严重影响。传统的含油废水处理方法很难实现对乳化油和溶解油的处理，因而难以达到排放要求。本文在研究超滤膜原理的基础上，提出一种基于PVDF材料的超滤膜制备方法，使用SEM电镜扫描获取超滤膜的微观结构，使用制备的PVDF超滤膜进行船舶舱底含油废水处理的实验，对含油废水中含油量及浊度的降低均有较好的效果。对不同流速下超滤膜膜通量进行测量，发现流速越大膜通量越大，针对超滤膜容易堵塞的问题，提出了超滤膜需要清洗的判定条件以及清洗方法。
With the increasing number and tonnage of ships, more and more discharge of oily bilge wastewater from ships has caused serious impact on the environment. The traditional oil-containing wastewater treatment method is difficult to achieve the treatment of emulsified oil and dissolved oil, so it is difficult to meet the discharge requirements. On the basis of studying the principle of ultrafiltration membrane, this paper proposed a preparation method of ultrafiltration membrane based on PVDF material. SEM scanning was used to obtain the microstructure of the ultrafiltration membrane, and the experiment on the treatment of oily bilge wastewater by PVDF ultrafiltration membrane was carried out, which had a good effect on the reduction of oil content and turbidity in oily wastewater. The membrane flux of ultrafiltration membrane was measured at different flow rates. It was found that the larger the flow rate was, the larger the membrane flux was. In view of the problem that ultrafiltration membrane was easily blocked, the judgment conditions and cleaning methods of ultrafiltration membrane were proposed.
2023,45(22): 78-81 收稿日期：2023-6-3
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.22.014
分类号：U667.65
作者简介：高松(1974-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为环境管理及环境监测监控
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