水下发射技术是潜载导弹武器装备研制中的关键。本文针对燃气/蒸汽水下发射系统内混合工质的流动与传热特性进行研究，建立发射系统内部高温高压燃气流动、冷却水在超声速气流中横向喷注、雾化及蒸发数学模型，并计算发射系统通道内燃气/蒸汽混合工质的总压、静温变化和液滴的蒸发率。模拟结果显示，发射动力系统内突扩及渐扩结构对气流总压损失有着很大作用，弯管并没有产生太大的压力损失；水气质量流量比为1∶1时，液滴蒸发率可达到98%，且水射流的横向注入会增强总压的损失和减小系统出口处的静温。
Underwater launch technology is the key to the development of submarine missile weapons and equipment. In this paper, the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the gas-steam underwater launching system are studied, and the mathematical models of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow in the launching system, the lateral injection of cooling water in the supersonic air flow, and the atomization and evaporation of droplets are established, and calculated The total pressure, static temperature and droplet evaporation rate of the gas-steam mixed working fluid in the channel of the launching system are calculated. The simulation results show that the sudden expansion and gradual expansion structure in the launch power system has a great effect on the total pressure loss of the airflow, and the elbow does not produce too much pressure loss; when the water-to-air flow ratio of the system is 1∶1, the droplet evaporation rate can reach 98%, and injection will increase the total pressure loss and reduce the static temperature at the outlet of the system.
2023,45(24): 212-217 收稿日期：2022-12-13
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.24.041
分类号：TJT68
作者简介：宋勇(1985-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为水下发射技术
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