为预防苯海上运输中的泄漏安全事故，利用PHAST软件，以苯海上运输船为研究对象，探究不同泄漏孔径、风速对苯泄漏后的扩散距离及泄漏导致的池火、闪火、喷射火与超压爆炸范围的影响规律。结果表明，事故发生后，云团泄漏扩散距离、喷射火辐射影响半径及爆炸超压影响半径与泄漏孔径尺寸成正比，泄漏扩散距离、爆炸超压影响半径与风速成反比。浓度100×106以及风速3 m/s下，泄漏孔径由25 mm增加到时75 mm，顺风扩散最大距离扩大了近4倍，云团最大单侧宽度增加了3倍。风速越小，越不利于苯的扩散，使得安全距离较远，且超压半径较大，风险较高。
In order to prevent benzene leakage safety accidents in marine transportation, using PHAST software, with the benzene marine transportation ship as the research object, to explore the different leakage aperture size, wind speed on the benzene leakage after the diffusion distance and leakage caused by the pool fire, flash fire, jet fire and overpressure explosion range of the influence of the law. The results show that after the accident, the diffusion distance of cloud leakage, the radius of radiation influence of jet fire and the radius of overpressure influence of explosion are directly proportional to the size of leakage aperture, and the diffusion distance of leakage and the radius of overpressure influence of explosion are inversely proportional to the wind speed. Concentration of 100×106 and wind speed of 3 m/s, the leakage aperture size increased from 25 mm to 75 mm, the maximum distance of downwind diffusion expanded nearly 4 times, the maximum unilateral width of the cloud increased by 3 times. The smaller the wind speed, the more unfavorable to the benzene diffusion, making the safety distance farther, and the overpressure radius is larger, which results a higher risk.
2024,46(6): 150-156 收稿日期：2023-10-26
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.06.026
分类号：U698
基金项目：高技术船舶科研资助项目（CBZ2N21-2，MC-201902-C01）
作者简介：金浩(1986-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为安全风险辩识与评估
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