水声传播特性受海洋环境的水文条件影响严重，具有非常显著的时变和空变特性，直接制约着鱼雷自导性能。基于波束追踪（Bellhop）声场计算方法，综合考虑信道特性、装备自身特性和目标特性，建立鱼雷自导作用距离预估模型，提出鱼雷工作深度选择方法，可为鱼雷探测能力评估、作战规划、作战参数选择等提供技术手段。通过仿真和实航试验结果，分析水文环境对鱼雷自导作用距离的影响，验证了预估模型的准确性，研究成果可用于指导鱼雷作战使用，并为研究鱼雷自导环境适应性问题提供参考。
The underwater acoustic propagation characteristics are seriously affected by the water conditions and have very significant time-varying and space-varying characteristic, which directly restricts the homing performance of torpedo. Based on the calculation method of beam tracking sound filed (BELLHOP) and considering the characteristic of channel, equipment and target, the torpedo homing range estimate model was established and the torpedo working depth selection method was proposed. The model and method can provide scientific method for torpedo detection capability evaluation, planned operation and operation parameter selection. The influence of water conditions on torpedo homing range was analyzed, and the results of simulation and sea trials illustrated the efficiency of the estimate model. The research results can be used to guide torpedo operation, and provide reference for studying the adaptability of torpedo homing environment.
2024,46(6): 181-185 收稿日期：2023-04-03
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.06.033
分类号：U666.7
作者简介：李永胜(1984-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为鱼雷声自导技术
参考文献：
[1] 何心怡, 钱东, 王光宇, 等. 水文条件对鱼雷声自导作用距离的影响[J]. 鱼雷技术, 2007, 15(5): 33-36
HE Xinyi, QIAN Dong, WANG Guangyu, et al. Influence of water conditions on torpedo acoustic homing range [J]. Torpedo Technology, 2007,15(5):33-36.
[2] 李国付. 鱼雷自导作用距离估算方法研究[D]. 西安: 西北工业大学, 2007: 61-62.
[3] 王雅芬, 周卿, 黄猛, 等. 基于水文和地理环境的声纳作用距离计算方法研究[C]// 第十四届全国信号和智能信息处理与应用学术会议论文集, 2021.
[4] 佟宏伟. 海洋环境对声纳系统的影响研究[J]. 科技创新与应用, 2018(30): 56-57.
[5] 郁红波, 鞠建波, 魏帅, 等. 浅海海底地形对吊放声呐探测距离的影响[J]. 声学技术, 2021, 40(1): 49-56.
YU Hongbo, JU Jianbo, WEI Shuai, et al. Effects of shallow seabed topography on the detection range of hanging sonar [J]. Technical Acoustics, 2021,40(1):49-56.
[6] 郁红波, 鞠京龙. 浅海条件下吊放声呐最佳入水深度的研究[J]. 电光与控制, 2021, 28(4): 106-110.
YU Hongbo, JU Jinglong. Optimal underwater depth of dipping sonar in shallow sea[J]. Electronics Optics & Control, 2021, 28 (4):106-110.
[7] 付留芳, 许林周, 李文哲. 浅海倾斜海底对声呐探测影响研究[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2020, 40(7): 172-177.
FU Liufang, XU Linzhou, LI Wenzhe. Influence of slope seafloor to sonar detecting in shallow water [J]. Ship Electronic Engineering, 2020,40(7):172-177.
[8] 陈菁, 何心怡, 雷蕾, 高贺. 自导作用距离对轻型鱼雷攻潜效能的影响[J]. 鱼雷技术, 2016, 24(6): 469-474.
CHEN Jing, HE Xinyi, LEI Lei, et al. Effect of homing range on lightweight torpedo?s anti-submarine operation efficiency [J]. Torpedo Technology, 2016,24(6):469-474.
[9] 惠俊英, 生雪莉. 水下声信道[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2007.
[10] GUL S, ZAIDIR KHAN S, WALA A B. Underwater acoustic channel modeling using BELLHOP ray tracing method[C]// International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology, 2017 : 665-670.
[11] 陈发, 李永胜, 赵罡, 等. 基于实际水文条件的点目标回波仿真[J]. 鱼雷技术, 2015, 23(4): 311-315.
CHEN Fa, LI Yongsheng, ZHAO Gang, et al. Simulation of point target echo based on the actual hydrological conditions [J]. Torpedo Technology,2015,23(4):311-315.
[12] 朱伟, 冯金鹿, 李宵宇. 主动声纳探测性能预报分析及软件设计[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2018, 38(11): 18-21.
ZHU Wei, FENG Jinlu, LI Xiaoyu. Design of active sonar performance prediction software [J]. Ship Electronic Engineering, 2018, 38(11): 18-21.
[13] 吴芳, 吴铭, 高青伟. 海洋环境对吊放声纳工作深度优化选择分析[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2019, 39(8): 25-29.
WU Fang, WU Ming , GAO Qingwei. Analysis of optimal selection of operating depth of lifting sonar in marine environment [J]. Ship Electronic Engineering, 2019, 39(8): 25-29.
[14] 熊雄, 单志超, 吴芳, 于亮. 水下目标探测中声呐工作深度优化选择[C]// 2018年全国声学大会论文集 C水声工程和水声信号处理, 2018.
