传统依靠人工经验或者试错法的船舶装配不仅耗费大量的时间，同时也会给船舶装配带来极大的不确定性。本文将虚拟现实技术应用于船舶装配中，对船舶装配工艺仿真优化进行相关研究。构建船舶虚拟装配环境，包括虚拟装配建模、装配序列规划、装配路径规划、装配干涉检测、可达性分析以及装配过程仿真。船舶设计数据、装配工艺数据、虚拟环境数据以及人机交互数据为构建船舶虚拟装配工艺优化提供数据基础。使用数字化编号可以优化装配序列规划，采用包围盒法对虚拟模型碰撞检测进行优化，通过对比发现，优化后包围盒在空间上明显大幅减小，降低了不同零件模型之间的碰撞风险。
Traditional ship assembly which relies on manual experience or trial and error method not only consumes a lot of time, but also brings great uncertainty to ship assembly. In this paper, virtual reality technology is applied to ship assembly, and the simulation and optimization of ship assembly process are studied. The ship virtual assembly environment is constructed, including virtual assembly modeling, assembly sequence planning, assembly path planning, assembly interference detection, accessibility analysis and assembly process simulation. Ship design data, assembly process data, virtual environment data and human-computer interaction data provide data basis for building ship virtual assembly process optimization. The assembly sequence planning can be optimized by using digital numbering, and the collision detection of virtual models can be optimized by using the bounding box method. Through comparison, it is found that the bounding box is significantly reduced in space after optimization, and the collision risk between different parts models is reduced.
2024,46(7): 171-174 收稿日期：2023-6-26
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.07.029
分类号：U667.65
作者简介：张莹(1984-),女,硕士,讲师,研究方向为数字多媒体设计
参考文献：
[1] 杨润党, 范秀敏, 王文荣. 虚拟仿真技术在船舶建造过程中的研究与应用[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2008(1): 11-12.
YANG Run-dang, FAN Xiu-min, WANG Wen-rong. Research and application of virtual simulation technology in ship construction[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2008(1): 11-12.
[2] 宋丽萍, 范秀敏, 马登哲. 基于虚拟现实的船舶产品装配仿真研究[J]. 中国造船, 2006(3): 111-115.
SONG Li-ping, FAN Xiu-min, MA Deng-zhe. Research on ship product assembly simulation based on virtual reality[J]. Shipbuilding of China, 2006(3): 111-115.
[3] 刘震磊, 王丹, 王环, 等. 基于虚拟现实技术的飞机总装脉动生产线设计与开发[J]. 航空精密制造技术, 2024, 60(1): 1-4.
LIU Zhen-lei, WANG Dan, WANG Huan, et al. Design and development of aircraft assembly pulsating production line based on virtual reality technology[J]. Aeronautical Precision Manufacturing Technology, 2024, 60(1): 1-4.
[4] 杨棋然. 浅析船舶制造中虚拟制造技术的运用[J]. 船舶物资与市场, 2020(9): 43-44.
YANG Qi-ran. Analysis on the application of virtual manufacturing technology in ship manufacturing[J]. Ship Materials & Market, 2020(9): 43-44.
[5] 杜鹏, 石江超, 韩兵兵. 基于虚拟现实的钻井船设备关键部件装配系统的实现[J]. 中国水运, 2020(2): 44-46.
DU Peng, SHI Jiang-chao, HAN Bing-bing. Implementation of assembly system of key components of drilling ship equipment based on virtual reality[J]. China Water Transport, 2020(2): 44-46.
[6] 吴先哲, 徐轶群. 船舶机舱设备建模与虚拟装配应用研究[J]. 造船技术, 2016(1): 97-100.
WU Xian-zhe, XU Yi-qun. Research on equipment modeling and virtual assembly application of marine engine room[J]. Shipbuilding Technology, 2016(1): 97-100.
