为满足潜艇等水下航行器宽带自适应波束形成算法的更高实时性要求，在经典的MVDR（Minimum Variance Distortionless Response）时域解析信号模型的基础上，设计一种基于SRM（Spiked Random Matrix）的协方差逆运算的快速估计算法。首先对宽带信号进行时域解析信号的构造，依据基于随机矩阵理论，然后通过对快拍信号的协方差矩阵的特征值进行调整和处理，实现精确的协方差矩阵的逆运算估计，避免了传统的复杂求逆运算，尤其适合多传感器和快拍样本受限的环境。仿真实验和海试数据证明，提出的算法波束指向性能更优，信号处理复杂度更低，随着阵元间距数的增加，性能获得明显的提升。
In order to satisfy the instantaneity requirement of adaptive beamforming on broadband signal for submarine or other underwater vehicle, the fast estimation algorithm for inverse operation of covariance matrix base on spiked random matrix, which is on the basis of classical MVDR beamforming algorithm with time-domain analysis signal model. First, we construct the time-domain analysis on received broadband signal, moreover, based on random matrix theory, the eigenvalues of covariance matrix of snapshot signalare adjusted and processed to estimate inverse operation of covariance matrix precisely, which avoid the complex conventional inverse operation especially suit on the conditions for multiple sensor and snapshot limitation. Simulations and sea trials prove that the proposed algorithm has the better directivity and less complexity. With increasing number of spacing between elements, the performance is improved obviously.
2024,46(8): 126-129 收稿日期：2023-5-5
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.08.023
分类号：TN911
作者简介：何宪文(1989-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为水声信号处理
参考文献：
[1] 马凯, 王平波, 代振, 等. 一种旁瓣级可控的MVDR波束形成算法[J]. 声学技术, 2019, 38(3): 360-363.
MA Kai, WANG Ping-bo, DAI Zhen, et al. A controllable sidelobe MVDR beamforming algorithm[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2019, 38(3): 360-363.
[2] LI Zhi-zhong, CHEN Zhe, XU Zhong-liang. Performance analysis of accuracy time delay and its influence on sonar beam formation[C]//2017 International Conference on computer, Electronics and Communicaiton Engineering , 2017, 642-649.
[3] 王聪, 刘雄厚, 范文涛, 等. 基于着色处理的被动声纳宽带能量检测方法[C] //中国声学学会水声学分会2019年学术会议论文集, 2019: 516-518.
WANG Cong, LIU Xiong-hou, FAN Wen-tao, et al. Passivesonar broadband energy detection based on coloring[C]//Underwater Acoustics Society of China Academic Conference 2019, 2019: 516-518.
[4] 蒋小勇, 周胜增, 杜选民. 一种空频联合最优滤波的被动宽带检测方法[J]. 电子信息学报, 2021, 43(3): 865-872.
JIANG Xiao-yong, ZHOU Sheng-zeng, DU Xuan-min. A passive broadband detection method based on space-frequency joint optimal filtering[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2021, 43(3): 865-872.
[5] 王良, 宋志杰, 华洋. 时域解析信号的MVDR自适应波束形成方法 [J]数据采集与处理, 2009, 24(3): 318-322.
WANG Liang, SONG Zhi-jie, HUA Yang. Adaptive MVDR beamforming algorithm based on time-domain analysis signals [J]. Marine Technology, 2015, 38(9): 29-36.
[6] RUBIO F, MESTRE X, PALOMAR D P. Performance analysis and optimal selection of large mean variance portfolios under estimation risk[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics Signal Process., 2012, 6(4): 337-350.
[7] KAROUI N E. Spectrum estimation for large dimensional covariance matrices using random matrix theory[J]. The Annals of Statistics, 2008, 36(6): 2757-2790.
[8] KEIIY. E. J. An adaptive detection algorithm[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 1986, 22(2): 115-127.
[9] BAIK J, AROUS G B, PECHE S. Phase transition of the largest eigenvalue for nonnull complex SRMple covariance matrices[J]. The Annals of Probability, 2005, 33(5): 1643-1697.
