有源雷达天线集成避雷针系统的雷击瞬态电磁场分布和雷电感应耦合特性是其进行雷击防护的基础。建立集成系统的三维电磁仿真模型，计算分析系统的雷击瞬态电磁场分布特性，发现天线内部雷击瞬态电磁场在靠近内表面部分相对较大，之后向中心部分快速衰减，天线阵面采用网状结构比采用栅格结构的电磁场屏蔽效果约强2个数量级。进一步通过开展实型天线集成避雷针系统模拟雷击试验，获取了天线系统内部不同端口的感应电压，结果显示，在天线上电状态下内部线缆的感应电压较不上电状态时高，当线缆紧贴天线舱内壁时，其感应电压较悬空布线时的感应电压分别降低了48.1%、68.9%和90.7%。本文取得的相关结果可为有源雷达天线集成避雷针系统的雷电电磁防护设计提供参考。
An electromagnetic simulation model of the radar antenna system integrated with lightning rod is established here for studying the lightning induction coupling characteristics of the system. The distribution characteristics of the lightning transient electromagnetic field of the system were studied. The lightning induced voltage and current of different cables inside the antenna system is analyzed by conducting experiments. The results show that the lightning transient electromagnetic field beneath the internal surface of the system is relatively large and decays rapidly toward the center. The shielding effect of the antenna array with grid structure is better than that of the antenna array with strip structure. When the antenna system is powered, the cable induced voltage is greater than that when the antenna system is powered off. When the cable is tightly attached to the inner wall of the antenna system, the induced voltage is reduced by 48.1%, 68.9%, and 90.7%, compared to the induced voltage when the cable is suspended. The relevant research results can provide reference for the lightning protection design of the radar antenna system integrated with lightning rod.
2024,46(8): 130-136 收稿日期：2023-5-6
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.08.024
分类号：TN821
作者简介：宋青青(1968-),女,高级工程师,研究方向为雷达总体技术
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