为了研究喷水推进器在起航阶段的内部流动以及空化特性，以一台轴流式喷水推进器为研究对象，基于Ansys CFX商用软件，采用SST k-ω湍流模型、ZGB空化模型对喷水推进器起航过程进行数值模拟。结果表明，喷水推进器在起航阶段流量与扬程出现滞后效应，进水流道内部流态较为紊乱，出现明显的流动分离现象。喷水推进泵整体湍动能随着起航过程时间的增加而增加，在叶顶处由于叶片压力面与吸力面压差升高形成叶顶泄漏涡而最为明显。叶轮内空泡体积分数随着起航过程的发展而增大，起航完成后稳定阶段空泡体积分数较最高值降低了4.2%，并且严重的空化抑制了喷水推进器的推进效率，起航阶段效率总体呈现为先增大后减少。
In order to study the internal flow and cavitation characteristics of the water jet propulsion during the set sail phase, an axial flow water jet propulsion was used as the object of study. Based on Ansys CFX commercial software, the SST k-ω turbulence model and ZGB cavitation model were used to numerically simulate the set sail process of the water jet propulsion. The results show that the water jet propulsion has a hysteresis effect on the flow rate and head during the set sail phase, and the flow pattern inside the inlet channel is relatively turbulent, with obvious flow separation phenomena. The overall turbulent energy of the water jet pump increases with the increase of the sailing process time, and is most obvious at the top of the impeller due to the pressure difference between the blade pressure surface and the suction surface to form the top of the impeller leakage vortex. The volume fraction of air bubbles in the impeller increases with the development of the starting process, and the volume fraction of air bubbles in the stable phase after the completion of the starting phase decreases by 4.2% compared to the highest value, and the serious cavitation inhibits the propulsion efficiency of the water jet propulsion, and the overall efficiency of the starting phase shows an increase and then a decrease.
2024,46(9): 33-39 收稿日期：2023-06-07
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.09.006
分类号：U664.34
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51879120）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51879120）
作者简介：陈嘉豪（1999 – ），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为流体机械内部流动
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