针对当前水下无人航行器（UUV）或水下自主航行器（AUV）集群任务过程中水声通信隐蔽性不足的问题进行研究（简称UUV集群）。首先建立UUV 集群的水声隐蔽通信分析模型，明确影响水声通信隐蔽性因素及实现隐蔽通信的技术途径；然后从工程实际的角度给出一种基于时频空及发射功率控制的UUV集群水声隐蔽通信低截获技术实现方法。采用波束定向、宽带混合扩频/编码通信与变步长发射功率控制等综合措施进行水声隐蔽通信系统设计。性能仿真结果表明，上述方法可大大提升UUV集群的水声隐蔽通信低截获性能。
This study addresses the problem of insufficient concealment in underwater acoustic communication during the task of underwater unmanned vehicles (UUV) or autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) cluster (hereinafter referred to as UUV cluster). Firstly, an analysis model of underwater acoustic concealment communication for UUV cluster is established, and the factors affecting the concealment of underwater acoustic communication and the technical approaches to achieve concealment communication are clarified. Then, from the perspective of engineering practice, a method for realizing low-interception technology of underwater acoustic concealment communication for UUV cluster based on time-frequency-space and transmit power control is proposed. A comprehensive measure of beam direction, broadband hybrid spread spectrum coding communication, and variable step size transmit power control is used to design the underwater acoustic concealment communication system. The performance simulation results show that the above methods can greatly improve the low-interception performance of underwater acoustic concealment communication for UUV cluster.
2024,46(10): 140-146 收稿日期：2023-11-20
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.10.024
分类号：TN929.3
作者简介：赵敏捷(1998-),男,硕士,助理工程师,研究方向为水声信号处理
参考文献：
[1] 钟宏伟, 李国良, 宋林桦, 等. 国外大型无人水下航行器发展综述[J]. 水下无人系统学报, 2018, 26(4): 273-282.
ZHONG Hong-wei, LI Guo-liang, SONG Lin-hua, et al. A review of the development of large unmanned underwater vehicles abroad[J]. Journal of Underwater Unmanned Systems, 2018, 26(4): 273-282.
[2] 陈玮, 吴泽伟, 吴晓锋. UUV 协同探测的现状与发展前景[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2009, 29(2): 6-8.
CHEN Wei, WU Ze-wei, WU Xiao-feng. The status and development prospects of UV collaborative detection[J]. Ship Electronic Engineering, 2009, 29(2): 6-8.
[3] 周宏坤, 葛锡云, 邱中梁, 等. UUV集群协同探测与数据融合技术研究[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2017, 39(23): 70–75.
ZHOU Hong-kun GE Xi-yun, QIU Zhong-liang, et al. Research on UUV cluster collaborative detection and data fusion technology[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2017, 39(23): 70–75.
[4] 任建存, 吕俊伟. 基于一致性的多UUV协同目标跟踪算法[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2017, 37(5): 28–31+44.
REN Jian-cun, LU Jun-wei. A consistency based multi UUV collaborative target tracking algorithm[J]. Ship Electronics Engineering, 2017, 37(5): 28–31+44.
[5] 严浙平, 王璐. UUV水下定位方法的研究现状与进展[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2017, 38(7): 989-1000.
YAN Zhe-ping, WANG Lu. Research status and progress of UUV underwater positioning methods[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2017, 38(7): 989-1000.
[6] SCHLEHER D C. LPI radar: fact or fiction[J]. IEEE A&E System Magazine, 2006, 21(5): 3–6.
[7] 柳文明, 韩树平, 李厚全, 等. 基于截获因子的直序扩频水声通信隐蔽性能分析[J]. 南京大学学报（自然科学）, 2017, 53(4): 654-660.
LIU Wen-ming, HAN Shu-ping, LI Hou-quan, et al. Analysis of covert performance of direct sequence spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication based on interception factor[J]. Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Science), 2017, 53(4): 654-660.
[8] 朱埜. 主动声呐检测信息原理 上册: 主动声呐信号和系统分析基础 （第一版）[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2014.
[9] SAGHAEI H, ABBAS A L N. Variable step closed-loop power control in cellular wireless CDMA systems under multipath fading[C]//IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing , 2007.
[10] SENGIJPTA S K. Fundamentals of statistical signal processing: estimation theory[J]. Control Engineering Practice, 1994, 37(4): 452-466.
[11] PRESCOTT G E, GUTMAN L, CONNOLLY D, et al. A methodology for employing modulation quality factors in the analysis of LPI waveforms[C]//MILCOM 91 - Conference record, 1991.
