船舶沉浮系统通过重力浸水、压载泵注水等不同方式完成预压载、快速压载等不同压载过程，进而调整船舶姿态，以满足快速沉浮的任务要求。建立精确的沉浮系统管网仿真模型是分析船舶压排载特性与优化沉浮系统管网设计的基础。然而，复杂的管网流路以及部件的非线性阻力特性均给管网仿真模型的精度带来了巨大挑战。本文首先采用缩尺模型试验结果，修正管网仿真模型中的关键部件阻力特性参数，使得管网模型仿真精度达到95.7%以上。基于修正后的沉浮系统管网模型，研究了预压载与快速压载顺序执行以及联合执行2种方案的船舶压载特性，其中联合压载时间相较于顺序压载过程缩短了26.75 min，为沉浮和姿态平衡系统的设计和控制策略的优化提供重要参考。
The sinking and floating system realizes the adjustment between different floating states of the ship to meet the time requirements of rapid sinking and floating through different ballast/deballast processes with gravity flooding and ballast pump. The ballast characteristics of ships can be studied by establishing the pipe network simulation model of sinking and floating system. However, the complexity of the pipe network and nonlinearity of components pose significant challenges to the accuracy of the simulation model. By leveraging the results of scale-model experiments, the resistance characteristics of components in the pipe network model can be fine-tuned, resulting in a simulation accuracy of over 95.7%. Using the modified pipe network model, the characteristics of pre-ballasting, rapid ballasting and combined ballasting are studied. The combined ballasting scheme reduces the loading time by 26.75 minutes compared to the sequential loading process, provides important references for fast sinking and floating system design and optimization.
2024,46(11): 1-5 收稿日期：2023-08-08
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.11.001
分类号：U664.84
作者简介：万新斌(1981-),男,硕士,研究员,研究方向为船舶轮机设计
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