比例电磁铁是柴油机电液复合调速系统的电磁驱动元件，其电磁力特性影响到整个调速系统的精确度与稳定性。首先利用Ansys Maxwell软件搭建比例电磁铁的仿真模型，并通过电磁阀测试平台验证模型的准确性。随后对电磁铁各结构尺寸进行参数化分析，得到影响比例电磁铁电磁力特性的关键参数组合。最后使用响应面法建立平均电磁力、电磁力均方差与上隔磁角、隔磁环位置、衔铁半径3个因素的二次回归模型，并结合遗传算法进行多目标优化。结果表明，相较于原方案，遗传算法优化得到的结构参数组合方案使比例电磁铁的电磁力特性得到明显改善，平均电磁力提高了8.56%，电磁力均方差下降了59.63%。
Proportional solenoid is the electromagnetic driving element of diesel engine electro-hydraulic compound speed control system, and its electromagnetic force characteristics affect the accuracy and stability of the whole speed control system. Firstly, the simulation model of proportional electromagnet was built using Ansys Maxwell software, and the accuracy of the model was verified by the test platform of solenoid valve. Then the structure size of the electromagnet was parameterized, and the key parameters that affect the electromagnetic force characteristics of the proportional electromagnet were obtained. Finally, the quadratic regression model of mean electromagnetic force, mean square error of electromagnetic force and upper magnetic separation angle, magnetic separation ring position and armature radius was established by using response surface method combined with genetic algorithm. The result shows that compared with the original scheme, the structural parameter combination scheme optimize by genetic algorithm can significantly improve the electromagnetic force characteristics of the proportional electromagnet, the average electromagnetic force is increased by 8.56%, and the mean square error of the electromagnetic force is decreased by 59.63%.
2024,46(12): 102-107 收稿日期：2023-08-11
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.12.018
分类号：TH137
基金项目：国家高技术船舶科研项目（2022-296）
作者简介：贺玉海(1976-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为新能源动力系统仿真与性能优化设计
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