潜艇在水下航行过程中为保证各个系统能正常工作，会由冷却系统向外排放大量的高于环境温度的冷却水，同时潜艇会对水体产生扰动，这些影响会在海面形成独特的红外特征和伴生的水动力特征。基于VOF（Volume of Fluid）多相流模型的来流法，使用Flunet软件对万吨级潜艇模型进行冷却水的排放及热尾流的扩散浮升过程进行数值仿真，并对热尾流扩散结果进行比较分析。结果表明潜艇自身的冷却水排放在较大的深度以及较低的航速下，不足以扩散至水面以形成明显的高温区，而潜艇对水体的扰动会在水面形成一片低温区，即“冷斑”现象。
To ensure the normal operation of various systems during the submarine's underwater voyage, a large amount of cooling water with a temperature higher than the ambient temperature will be discharged from the cooling system, and the submarine will also cause disturbance to the water body. These effects will form unique infrared signatures and associated hydrodynamic features on the surface of the sea. Based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, The inflow method of multiphase flow model uses FLUNET software to numerically simulate the cooling water discharge and thermal wake diffusion and lift process of a 10000-ton submarine model, and compares and analyzes the thermal wake diffusion results. The results show that the cooling water discharge of the submarine itself at a large depth and low speed is not enough to spread to the surface to form a significant high-temperature zone, while the disturbance of the water body by the submarine will form a low-temperature zone on the surface, known as the "cold spot" phenomenon.
2024,46(15): 47-52 收稿日期：2023-10-13
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.15.008
分类号：U661.1
基金项目：重点研发计划资助项目（2022YFC2805702-01）
作者简介：彭嘉澍（1997 – ），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为水下流动传热
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