复合材料具有重量轻、强度高等特点，在舰船结构安全与轻量化领域具有广泛潜在应用价值。本文采用声-固耦合方法建立了水下爆炸冲击波与碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料层合板相互作用数值分析模型，研究了冲击波与复合材料结构相互作用过程，阐明了水下爆炸冲击能量耗散分配机制，验证了声-固耦合渐进损伤分析方法的可靠性。在此基础上，研究了层合板厚度及结构材质对相互作用关系的影响。研究结果表明，爆炸冲击波作用在复合材料层合板上，约31%的冲击波能量以靶板面内损伤和振动的方式耗散掉，约69%的能量在靶板弹性作用下反射回水域中；随着复合材料层合板厚度增加，反射能量的占比逐渐增加，吸收能量占比减小，靶板内部损伤与变形减小；相同水下爆炸冲击载荷作用下，复合材料层合板相对于等质量5A06铝板和Q235钢板具有更优良的抗冲击性能。
Composite materials have excellent characteristics such as lightweight and high strength. They have extensive potential applications in the fields of ship structure safety and lightweight. Using acoustic-structure coupling method to make a numerical analysis model for the interaction between underwater explosive shock wave and carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin-based composite laminates. It investigates the interaction between shock wave and composite structure, elucidates the mechanism of underwater explosive energy distribution, and verifies the reliability of the acoustic-structure coupling progressive damage analysis method. On this basis, the influence of laminate thickness and structural materials on the interaction relationship was studied. The research results indicate that when explosive shock waves act on a composite laminate,31% of the shock wave energy distributes through damage and vibration in the target plate, while 69% of the energy reflects back into the water under the elastic effect of the target plate; As the thickness of the composite laminates increases, the proportion of reflected energy gradually increases, while the proportion of absorbed energy decreases, resulting in reduced internal damage and deformation of the plate. Under the same underwater explosive shock loading, the composite laminates exhibit superior impact resistance compared to equally massed 5A06 aluminum and Q235 steel.
2024,46(17): 77-83 收稿日期：2023-10-27
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.17.013
分类号：U663
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（11972269）；武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园开放基金项目（2021KF0029）
作者简介：郑智午(1998-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为复合材料冲击损伤
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