针对无人船严重依赖其通导系统的现状，在发挥电子海图自主航线规划技术优势的基础上，充分利用4G通信成熟可靠的特性，结合北斗卫星导航定位系统自主可控的短报文通信功能，设计一种基于北斗通信＋4G网络通信的无人船自主导航通信系统，既能发挥4G通信稳定可靠的数据传输优势，又解决了在4G无法覆盖的远海区域无人船的通信难题。同时，通过实船试验验证基于北斗通信＋4G通信的无人船通导系统，实验结果表明，在4G网络覆盖区域内，4G通信和北斗通信通信这2种方式均满足无人船自主智能航行的通信需求；在4G网络覆盖区域外，北斗通信通信可独立实现无人船的通信功能以满足自主智能航行。
In response to the current situation where unmanned ships heavily rely on their communication and navigation systems, and on the basis of leveraging the advantages of electronic chart autonomous route planning technology, fully utilizing the mature and reliable characteristics of 4G network communication, combined with the autonomous and controllable short message communication function of the BeiDou satellite navigation and positioning system, a unmanned ship autonomous navigation and communication system based on BeiDou short message+4G network communication is designed, It can not only leverage the mature data transmission advantages of stable and reliable communication in 4G networks, but also solve the communication problem of unmanned ships in remote sea areas that cannot be covered by 4G networks. At the same time, the unmanned ship navigation system based on Beidou short message and 4G network communication was verified through actual ship experiments. The experimental results showed that within the 4G network coverage area, both 4G network communication and Beidou short message communication methods met the communication requirements for autonomous and intelligent navigation of unmanned ships; Outside the 4G network coverage area, Beidou short message communication can independently achieve the communication function of unmanned ships to meet autonomous intelligent navigation.
2024,46(18): 128-132 收稿日期：2023-11-16
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.18.022
分类号：U665.26
作者简介：刘会森(1990-),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向为船舶智能导航
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