为提高无人船的安全性、雷达目标探测精度和通信效率，提出一种在船舶间集成无线激光通信与激光雷达的正交频分复用-线性调频（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Linear Frequency Modulation，OFDM-LFM）一体化信号系统。运用比尔-朗伯定律、瑞利散射及菲涅耳公式对水面光学特性进行建模，分别考察了水面对光的吸收、散射以及水面起伏对光信号的影响。分析了16进制正交振幅调制（16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation，16QAM）、 正交相移键控（Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，QPSK）、 二进制相移键控（Binary Phase Shift Keying， BPSK）以及最小频移键控（Minimum Shift Keying，MSK）4种调制方式下系统的通信误码性能，并在确保一体化系统雷达速度分辨率的条件下，引入脉冲压缩技术来提升雷达的距离分辨率。仿真结果表明，无人船OFDM-LFM激光雷达通信一体化信号系统在BPSK调制方式下具有最优性能，其误码率在信噪比为8 dB时可达到10-5以下，优于传统连续相位调制（Continuous Phase Modulation，CPM）下的OFDM-LFM系统3.5 dB；一体化信号系统经过脉冲压缩处理后，具有5.9 m的最佳距离分辨率和2.04081 m/s的速度分辨率。
The integration of optical wireless communication (OWC) and lidar is proposed in this study to enhance the safety, radar target detection accuracy, and communication efficiency of unmanned ships. The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-linear frequency modulation (OFDM-LFM) system is utilized for this purpose. In order to examine absorption, scattering, and the impact of water surface fluctuations on optical signals, the optical characteristics of the water surface are modeled using the Beer-Lambert law, Rayleigh scattering, and the Fresnel formula. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the integrated system is analyzed under four modulation schemes: 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and minimum shift keying (MSK). Pulse compression technology is introduced in this study to enhance distance resolution while maintaining a radar velocity resolution for the integrated system. Simulation results indicate that optimal performance is achieved by employing BPSK modulation with a BER below 10-5 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 8 dB. The performance achieved by employing BPSK modulation surpasses traditional continuous phase modulation (CPM) modulation in OFDM-LFM systems by 3.5 dB. After pulse compression processing, the integrated signal system exhibits superior distance resolution of 5.9 m and velocity resolution of 2.04081 m/s.
2024,46(19): 100-106 收稿日期：2023-12-4
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.19.017
分类号：TN249；U661
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（62265010，61875080）；广东省企业科技特派员项目（GDKTP2021041300）
作者简介：封斌(1974-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为船联网、船岸协同感知、航道感知
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