选取厚度为2 mm的退火态D406A超高强度钢作为船用耐腐蚀材料，采用脉冲Nd: YAG激光器、钨极氩弧（GTA）焊接电源及其配套控制系统，构建了激光-电弧复合焊接装置进行材料焊接，并引入结合时间和空间维度的焊接功率随动控制技术提升拐角焊缝焊接质量。试验分析结果显示，D406A超高强度钢焊缝在微观上经历了晶粒细化，且焊缝在酸性环境下腐蚀速率较慢，在碱性环境下腐蚀趋势较强，腐蚀速率相对较低。此外，激光扫描频率在50～200 Hz范围内能获得成形良好的焊缝，而300 Hz时焊缝成形质量下降。焊接功率随动控制技术的应用，可以显著降低焊接拐角的能量密度，提升拐角处的焊接质量。
We selected annealed D406A ultra-high strength steel with a thickness of 2 mm as the corrosion-resistant material for ships. We used a pulsed Nd: YAG laser, tungsten inert gas arc (GTA) welding power supply and its supporting control system to construct a laser arc composite welding device, and introduced welding power tracking control technology that combines time and space dimensions to improve the welding quality of corner welds. The experimental analysis results show that the D406A ultra-high strength steel weld has undergone grain refinement at the microscopic level, and the corrosion rate of the weld is slower in acidic environments, and the corrosion trend is stronger in alkaline environments, with a relatively lower corrosion rate. In addition, the laser scanning frequency can obtain well formed welds within the range of 50 Hz to 200 Hz, while the quality of weld formation decreases at 300 Hz. The application of welding power follow-up control technology can significantly reduce the energy density of welding corners and improve the welding quality at the corners.
2024,46(21): 67-70 收稿日期：2024-5-5
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.21.011
分类号：TG407
基金项目：江西工程学院校级课题资助项目（2024-JGJG-62）
作者简介：李海英(1982-),女,讲师,研究方向为材料成型技术
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