为了研究船用柴油机轴系的振动特性问题，提出一种实体模型的有限元仿真方法。利用Ansys进行曲轴自由模态分析，并通过实验模态分析对有限元分析的准确性进行对比验证。在实验验证的基础上，对船舶柴油机曲轴进行约束模态分析和谐响应分析。结果表明，仿真和实验的对比误差大部分小于5%，误差范围符合要求，验证了仿真分析曲轴固有频率结果的准确性。基于谐响应分析，得到曲轴自由端处的幅频响应曲线，给出了共振的频率及区域。该分析方法能为船舶柴油机曲轴非共振点工作区间减振优化设计提供理论依据。
To study the vibration characteristics of the shaft system in marine diesel engines, a finite element simulation method based on a solid model is proposed. Free modal analysis of the crankshaft is conducted using Ansys, and the accuracy of the finite element analysis is compared and verified through experimental modal analysis. Based on the experimental verification, a constrained modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the marine diesel engine crankshaft are performed. The results show that the comparison error between simulation and experiment is mostly less than 5%, which meets the error requirements and verifies the accuracy of finite element simulation analysis of crankshaft natural frequency results. Based on harmonic response analysis, the amplitude frequency response curves at the free end of the crankshaft were obtained, and the resonance frequency and region were given. This analysis method can provide a theoretical basis for the vibration damping optimization design in the non-resonant working range of the crankshaft in marine diesel engines.
2024,46(22): 150-154 收稿日期：2024-2-9
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2024.22.026
分类号：U664.121
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51805077）；浙江省基础公益研究计划项目（LGG21E050009）
作者简介：安亮(1982-),男,硕士,副教授,研究方向为船舶动力装置、动力学与控制
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