顺序法作为首选的压载水交换方法，有交换彻底、交换时间短等优点，但也对浮态、稳性、总纵强度要求较高。本文基于小量载荷对浮态影响的基本原理使用横摇角和纵倾约束对压载水交换舱室配对进行筛选；并采用回溯法获得了满足稳性要求的压载水交换工况组合，使用最大弯矩处的弯矩利用因子、弯矩最大利用因子、剪力最大利用因子、稳性高、纵倾值等参数筛选出较优的方案；以某多用途船为对象，基于NAPA二次开发编程，实现了顺序法压载水交换工况的优化和工况的程序化自动定义，获得了较好的优化效果。
As the preferred ballast water exchange method, the sequential method has the advantages of complete exchange and short exchange time, but also has high requirements for floating, stability and longitudinal strength. Based on the basic principle of the influence of small loads on the final floating state, the tank pairs for ballast water exchange that satisfies the roll angle and trim constraints is screened. The backtracking algorithm was used to obtain the combination of ballast water exchange conditions that meet the stability requirements, and the optimal scheme was selected based on the bending moment utilization factor at the maximum bending moment, the maximum utilization factor of bending moment, the maximum utilization factor of shear force, height of stability, trim value and other parameters. Taking a multi-purpose vessel as the object, based on the programming of NAPA, the optimization of the sequential ballast water exchange condition and the programmed automatic definition of the load cases were realized, and a good optimization effect was obtained.
2025,47(1): 108-112 收稿日期：2024-2-28
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.01.019
分类号：U662
作者简介：严卫祥(1989-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为船体设计与优化
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