为解决船舶隔振领域低频隔振难题，在现有基于磁齿结构的电磁负刚度机构基础上，针对其电磁力解析表达式中忽略了铁芯磁阻和未考虑磁路饱和的问题，对其进行修正，得出考虑铁芯磁阻及磁路饱和的电磁力解析表达式。以负刚度机构电磁力最大和功耗最小为目标，对负刚度机构结构参数进行了多目标优化，将优化后的电磁负刚度机构与具有正刚度特性的金属弹簧并连，设计形成基于磁齿结构的电磁准零刚度隔振器。在此基础上，完成隔振器样件的加工制作及静力学特性试验，进一步验证了基于磁齿结构电磁负刚度机构理论及电磁力解析表达式修正结果的正确性。
In order to solve the problem of low-frequency vibration isolation in the field of ship vibration isolation, this paper based on the existing magnetic tooth structure electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism, aiming at the problems of ignoring the core reluctance and not considering the magnetic circuit saturation of its electromagnetic force analytical expression, this paper modified the electromagnetic force analytical expression, and deduced the electromagnetic force analytical expression of the negative stiffness mechanism considering the core reluctance and magnetic circuit saturation. Aiming at the maximum electromagnetic force and minimum power consumption of the negative stiffness mechanism, the structural parameters of the negative stiffness mechanism were optimized. The optimized electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism was connected with the metal spring with positive stiffness characteristics, and the electromagnetic quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator based on the magnetic tooth structure was designed. On this basis, the machining and static characteristic test of the vibration isolator were completed, The correctness of the theory of electromagnetic negative stiffness mechanism and the correction results of the analytical expression of electromagnetic force were further verified.
2025,47(2): 6-11 收稿日期：2023-12-24
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.02.002
分类号：O328
作者简介：李欣（1980 – ），女，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为振动控制技术
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