为了验证全三维优化设计效果，并探索适用于船用燃气轮机工作特点的叶型，利用扇形涡轮叶栅试验台，针对某船用燃气轮机原型和改型两套涡轮导叶，开展了不同攻角下的扇形叶栅气动性能试验。应用五孔探针、叶片表面静压测量孔，分别测量了叶栅出口流场、不同叶高处叶片型面的压力，分析了导叶出口截面速度场及总压损失分布，导叶根、中、顶这3个截面压力分布，以及节距平均出口气流角、总压损失系数沿叶高分布等。优化前后试验结果对比分析表明：经优化改型后，沿叶高方向导叶表面压力分布更趋均匀化，叶片后部加载特征更加明显，在试验攻角范围内（-10°～+10°）导叶总压损失系数明显减小，且攻角变化对损失影响较小。结果表明，导叶该型是成功的，改进后的导叶对变工况的适应性更加优良，非常适合用于工况变化较为频繁的船用燃气轮机。
Aerodynamic performance tests of a marine gas turbine with two sets of turbine guide vanes were carried out on a sector cascade test rig under different incidences, which is aimed to verify the effects of 3D optimal design and to explore the blade profile suitable for the working characteristics of a marine gas turbine. The flow field at the cascade outlet were measured by five-hole probe. The pressure on the blade profile at different blade heights was measured by the pressure measuring hole on the blade surface. The velocity field and total pressure loss distribution at the guide vane outlet section were analyzed. The pressure distribution at hub, middle and tip guide vane height were shown under different incidences. The pitch average outlet flow angle and total pressure loss distribution along blade height at the guide vane outlet were analyzed. The experimental results show the pressure distribution along the blade height is more uniform and the blade load is optimized from front-loaded to rear-loaded after optimization of guide vane profile. The total pressure loss of the guide vane is significantly reduced within the range of –10° to +10° angles of incidence, and has a better adaptability of incidence. The optimization of guide vane profile was successful. It is very suitable for the marine gas turbine with frequent changes in working conditions.
2025,47(2): 113-119 收稿日期：2024-3-29
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.02.019
分类号：U664.131
基金项目：国家自然科学基金“叶企孙”科学基金资助项目（U2241251）
作者简介：牛夕莹（1983 – ），男，博士，研究员，研究方向为船用及工业中小型燃气轮机
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