基于国际海事组织（IMO）碳减排要求，在使用LPG燃料驱动的船舶上，展开碳捕捉装置余热利用的可行性分析；设置一种新的工艺流程，选择使用N-甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）溶液的化学吸收法进行碳捕捉，将从解吸塔返回的高温贫液与LPG低温燃料通过管壳式换热器进行热交换，并将从主机返回的高温LPG燃料用于加热吸收塔出口的低温富液后重新供给主机，据此展开换热分析和仿真计算；运算结果显示，返回LPG通过三通重新供给主机的设计可行，且采用贫液加热LPG后燃料进机温度在预设区间内；分析表明，第二、第三换热器采用管壳式换热器，选择高压LPG燃料走管程，醇胺溶液走壳程的方案，具有可操作性；且当设定LPG初始温度≥10o C、碳捕捉率≥20%和管程数≥8（L=2 m）时，碳捕捉系统的余热可用来对LPG系统进行有效调温，并将进机温度控制在25～45℃合格区间。
Based on IMO carbon reduction requirements, feasibility analysis of waste heat utilization of carbon capture devices is conducted on ships powered by LPG fuel. Set up a new process flow and choose the chemical absorption method using MDEA alcohol amine solution for carbon capture. The high-temperature lean liquid returned from the desorption tower and LPG low-temperature fuel are exchanged through a shell and tube heat exchanger. The high-temperature LPG fuel returned from the engine is used to heat the low-temperature rich liquid at the outlet of the absorption tower and then re supplied to the engine. Based on this, heat transfer analysis and simulation calculations are carried out. The calculation results show that the design of returning LPG to the main engine through a Tee is feasible, and the fuel inlet temperature is within the preset range after heating LPG with lean liquid. The analysis shows that the second and third heat exchangers use shell and tube heat exchangers, and the scheme of high-pressure LPG fuel passing through the tube side and alcohol amine solution passing through the shell side is feasible; And when the initial temperature of LPG is set to be≥10 o C, the carbon capture rate is≥20%, and the number of passes is≥8 (L=2 m), the residual heat of the carbon capture system can be used to effectively regulate the temperature of the LPG system, and the inlet temperature can be controlled within the qualified range of 25-45o C.
2025,47(4): 21-26 收稿日期：2024-3-13
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.04.004
分类号：U664.1
基金项目：招商局工业集团专项资金（CMMI-0000-APA-0072）；2020工信部高技术船舶科研项目（MC-202003-Z01-07）
作者简介：赵立玉(1972-),男,高级工程师,研究方向为低碳船舶设计与建造管理
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