船舶微电网中，发电燃气轮机性能与电力系统储能模式和负载的变化特性密切相关。为研究混合储能对不同脉冲负载下发电燃气轮机性能的影响规律，提高燃机运行稳定性与效率，基于100 kW实装微型燃气轮机发电机组，建立包括燃气轮机、同步发电机、飞轮储能与蓄电池储能系统的直流微电网模型。通过加载峰值功率20 kW、占空比为60%脉冲负载时系统的仿真和试验数据对比，验证了燃气轮机发电系统模型的仿真精度。进一步在不同储能模式（无储能、蓄电池储能、飞轮储能、混合储能）以及脉冲负载不同占空比（40%、60%、80%）条件下，对微型燃气轮机和电网响应特性进行仿真分析。结果表明，燃气轮机发电系统结合混合储能，相较于单储能模式能有效提高燃气轮机及电网运行的可靠性；且燃气轮机发电系统更适合在高占空比脉冲负载的情况下运行，燃机性能得以发挥且电网系统能够最大限度保持稳定。
In shipboard microgrids, the performance of gas turbine generators is closely related to the energy storage modes and varying characteristics of the power system load. To study the influence of hybrid energy storage on gas turbine generator performance under different pulse load conditions, and to improve turbine operational stability and efficiency, we established a direct current (DC) microgrid model including a 100 kW installed micro gas turbine generator unit, synchronous generator, flywheel energy storage, and battery energy storage system. Through simulation and experimental data comparison under a peak power load of 20 kW with a 60% duty cycle pulse load, the simulation accuracy of the gas turbine generator system model was verified. Further simulation analysis was conducted under different energy storage modes (without energy storage; with battery, flywheel, and hybrid energy storage systems respectively) and different pulse load duty cycles (40%, 60%, 80%). The results showed that combining gas turbine generator systems with hybrid energy storage, compared to single energy storage modes, effectively improves the reliability of gas turbines and the power grid operation. Moreover, the gas turbine generator system is more suitable for operation under high-duty cycle pulse loads, allowing the turbine performance to be fully utilized while maintaining maximum stability of the electrical grid system.
2025,47(4): 96-104 收稿日期：2024-5-1
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.04.016
分类号：U665.11
基金项目：海军工程大学自主研发项目（2023DY010）
作者简介：丁泽民(1984-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为燃气轮机发电系统控制与仿真优化
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