大型舰船在航行过程中，由于海上风向复杂多变以及海浪引起的舰船自身随机运动，使得舰船甲板上方的气流复杂多变，严重影响甲板上方舰载直升机的起降作业安全。两栖舰船表面气流场是舰载直升机/舰船动态界面的重要依托，气流场的品质与特性直接决定着舰载直升机的起降安全特性与航空保障效率。本文以典型两栖攻击舰“黄蜂”的简化模型为算例，基于IDDES方法分别对孤立舰船流场以及旋翼/舰船耦合流场数值模拟，分析不同风向角下垂向速度以及舰面涡系结构的运动与演化规律，发现舰首涡、舷边涡、舰岛尾涡在不同状态下对流场质量的影响，总结其变化规律，为直升机的舰面作业提出指导和建议。
During the navigation of large ships, the airflow above the deck of a ship is complex and variable due to the complex and variable winds at sea and the random motion of the ship itself caused by waves, which will seriously affect the safety of takeoff and landing operations of shipboard helicopters above the deck. Amphibious ship surface airflow field is an important support of the ship based helicopter/ship dynamic interface. The quality and characteristics of the airflow field directly determine the takeoff and landing safety characteristics and aviation support efficiency of the ship based helicopter. In this paper, a simplified model of a typical amphibious assault ship, the Wasp, is used as an example to simulate the flow field of an isolated ship and the Coupled Rotor/Ship Flow Field based on the IDDES method. The vertical velocities at different wind angles and the motion and evolution laws of the ship surface vortex structure are analyzed. The effects of the bow vortex, the port side vortex, and the island tail vortex on the quality of the flow field in different states are found, and their variations are summarized, Provide guidance and advice for shipboard operations of helicopters.
2025,47(8): 41-47 收稿日期：2024-6-24
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.08.007
分类号：V211.3
作者简介：包凯夫(1995-),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向为舰船航空保障系统
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