本文提出一种新型仿生外形多对翼水下滑翔机设计方案，通过CFD仿真优选性能优异的主体型线和确定多对翼布置方案，达到降低航行阻力的目的。之后在仿生外形的基础上对滑翔翼的安装位置、后掠角和攻角等参数对滑翔机的水动力性能展开分析。结果表明，鲭鱼外形的航行阻力最小；在相同攻角下，升阻比随滑翔翼安装位置后移而增大，随后掠角增大而减小；滑翔翼位于距滑翔机艏部0.65L处且后掠角小于20°时，滑翔机在0～10°攻角下所受升阻比较大，俯仰力矩值最小，兼顾良好的静稳性和滑翔经济性。本文验证了仿生外形多对翼水下滑翔机方案的可行性，为后续滑翔机的仿生设计和多对滑翔翼的应用提供参考。
This paper proposes a novel bionic shape multi-pair wing underwater glider design scheme and optimises the main body profile with excellent performance through CFD simulation. The multi-pair wing arrangement scheme is determined to achieve the purpose of reducing the navigational drag. After that, the hydrodynamic performance of the glider is analyzed on the basis of the mackerel shape with respect to the installation position of the glider wings, the swept back angle and the angle of attack and other parameters. The results show that the mackerel shape has the lowest navigational drag; at the same angle of attack, the lift-to-drag ratio increases with the glider mounting position shifted backward, and decreases with the increase of the swept-back angle. When the glider wing is located at 0.65L from the bow of the glider and the back-sweep angle is less than 20°, the lift resistance ratio of the glider is larger and the pitching moment value is minimized at the angle of attack of 0～10°, which is a good balance between good static stability and gliding economy. This paper serves to verify the feasibility of the bionic shape multi-pair wing underwater glider programme, while simultaneously providing invaluable research references for the bionic design of subsequent gliders and multi-pair glider applications.
2025,47(8): 100-106 收稿日期：2024-6-13
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.08.017
分类号：U674.941
作者简介：朱猛(2000-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为水下航行器结构设计及流体分析
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