传统滑模观测器在永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制系统中会导致剧烈抖振和显著转速偏差。为提升永磁同步电机无传感器控制性能，对传统滑模观测器进行改进，提出一种改进型高阶滑模观测器算法。该算法使用饱和函数Sat(s)替代传统的符号函数，引入了新型趋近律以提高系统趋近速度和稳定性。进一步，提出一种反电动势的自适应律，有效地减少了其高频分量。然后，采用二阶广义积分器和归一化正交锁相环技术获取反电动势中的转子位置和速度信息，提高了系统精度。最后，在Matlab/Simulink中建立了永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制系统，并通过仿真实验证了改进方法的有效性。
The traditional sliding-mode observer in the sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) often results in severe oscillations and significant speed deviations. To enhance the sensorless control performance of PMSM, an improved approach is proposed by refining the traditional sliding-mode observer, introducing a novel sliding-mode observer algorithm. This algorithm employs a saturation function, Sat(s), instead of the conventional sign function and integrates a novel convergence law to enhance the system's convergence speed and stability. Additionally, an adaptive law for the back electromotive force (EMF) is introduced to effectively reduce its high-frequency components. Subsequently, the second-order generalized integrator and normalized orthogonal phase-locked loop (PLL) techniques are utilized to extract rotor position and speed information from the back EMF, thereby enhancing system accuracy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through simulation experiments conducted in Matlab/Simulink for the sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motors.
2025,47(9): 127-133 收稿日期：2024-6-21
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.09.022
分类号：U665
基金项目：重庆市自然科学基金资助项目（CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1543）
作者简介：胡杰（1999-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为电机控制
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