针对开阔水域的多船避碰问题,本文提出一种遗传模拟退火(Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm,GSA)算法。通过引入自适应遗传算子,实现交叉和变异算子的动态修正,避免算法过早收敛;将模拟退火算法嵌入遗传算法中,增强算法的局部搜索能力。将船舶会遇态势、船舶相对运动模型和船舶碰撞危险度作为基础,考虑船舶安全性、航行经济性和避碰规则构建目标函数。设计了三船和四船会遇实验,并将GSA与标准遗传算法进行对比,实验结果表明,相比于标准遗传算法,GSA算法在多船避碰中能够更快更好地找到避碰路径。
A genetic simulated annealing algorithm has been proposed to address the problem of multiple-ship collision avoidance in wide water areas. By introducing adaptive genetic operators to dynamically adjust the crossover and mutation operators, premature convergence of the algorithm is avoided. Simulated annealing algorithm is embedded in the genetic algorithm to enhance the algorithm's local search capabilities. The ship encounter situation, ship relative motion model, and ship collision risk are introduced into the algorithm, and a ship collision avoidance objective function is constructed by considering ship safety, navigational economy, and collision avoidance rules using multi-objective optimization theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm in multiple-ship collision avoidance is verified through simulation experiments.
2025,47(9): 154-159 收稿日期:2024-6-3
DOI:10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.09.026
分类号:U675.96
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52071312)
作者简介:时光志(1984-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为船舶与海洋工程数智化技术
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