水下无人航行器、水面无人船艇等成为海洋探测和开发的主要装备之一，但它们都存在各自的优势和不足。随着科技的发展，具有独特优势的水空两栖无人航行器将成为海洋领域不可或缺的重要装备之一。本文通过分别研究飞行器、水下航行器在外形设计、材料以及动力推进方面的现状，总结各自的优势与不足，为跨介质航行器动力的发展研究提供了基础，并且针对跨介质水空无人航行器研制过程中的变体技术，介质跨越过程以及动力推进系统等关键技术进行论述，可为水空无人航行器研制提供参考。
With the advancement of China's maritime power strategy, the development and exploration of the ocean has become imminent. Unmanned underwater vehicles, unmanned surface boats, etc. have become one of the main equipment for ocean exploration and development, but they all have their own advantages and disadvantages. With the development of science and technology, unmanned aerial vehicles with unique advantages will become one of the indispensable and important equipment in the marine field. This paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of aircraft and underwater vehicles by studying the current situation of shape design, materials and power propulsion respectively, which provides a basis for the study of trans-media vehicle dynamics, and discusses the key technologies such as variant technology, medium crossing process and dynamic propulsion system in the development process of trans-media unmanned aerial vehicles, which can provide a reference for the development of unmanned underwater vehicles.
2025,47(10): 1-7 收稿日期：2024-7-10
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.10.001
分类号：U674.941；V279
基金项目：江苏海洋大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（KYCX2023-64）
作者简介：李汶烨（1999-），男，硕士，研究方向为水动力学、跨介质水空无人航行器
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