为研究过渡流下间隙比对近壁柱体绕流流动特性的影响，搭建开式循环水槽实验台，通过PIV可视化实验方法，对不同间隙比工况下的柱体（圆柱和方柱）绕流进行实验研究。研究发现，在雷诺数为300时，间隙比的改变影响了柱体与壁面的相互作用，使得分离剪切层以及柱体尾流旋涡的形态产生了变化，进而显著影响了柱体尾流的流动特性。总的来看，随着间隙比的增大，柱体尾流的流动形态由单个顺时针运动的旋涡逐渐演变为对称的旋涡对，其尺度先增大后减小；在这一过程中，壁面对柱体尾流的影响逐渐减弱。本文对比了圆柱和方柱绕流的差异，研究发现近壁圆柱可以在更小的间隙比下恢复流体流速，但其绕流影响范围小于近壁方柱。
In order to study the effect of gap ratio on flow passed a column near wall in transitional flow, an open-loop recirculating water tunnel is established. The experimental study on flow passed a column near wall under different gap ratios in transitional flow is carried out using particle image velocimetry (PIV). It is found that, the flow characteristics of the wake of column are related to gap ratio obviously at Re = 300. The change of gap ratio mainly affects the interaction between the column and wall, resulting in the change of shear layer and vortex structure. With the increase of the gap ratio, the flow characteristics of the wake of column evolve from a single clockwise vortex to a symmetrical vortex pair, and the scale of vortex increases first and then decreases. During this process, the effect of the wall gradually decreases. In this study, the difference of the cylinder and the square column are mainly compared. The results show that fluid velocity for the cylinder can be recovered with smaller gap ratio while the impact area of the square column is much larger.
2025,47(10): 119-124 收稿日期：2024-7-31
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.10.020
分类号：TK124
基金项目：江苏省研究生科研创新与实践计划项目（KYCX19_2052）
作者简介：张磊（1988-），男，硕士，研究方向为机械设计及其自动化
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